This study evaluated the mycelial growth, cultivation characteristics, yield, and β-glucan content of five domestic Sparassis cultivars (‘Neowul’, ‘Hanyeoul’, ‘Summerqueen’, ‘Bargle’, and ‘Ksch2go’) to identify superior cultivars for farm cultivation and industrialization. Optimal mycelial growth occurred at 22–25 °C, whereas growth completely stopped at 31 °C. In bottle cultivation, larch-based substrate reduced cultivation days and increased yield compared to pine-based substrate. In larch-based bottle cultivation, ‘Hanyeoul’ had the shortest period (98 d), while ‘Neowul’ produced the same level of dry yield as ‘Hanyeoul’ (11.8 g compared to 11.1 g). In 2-kg bag cultivation on larch substrate, ‘Hanyeoul’, ‘Neowul’, and ‘Summerqueen’ matured in 85 d, 13–21 d faster than in bottle cultivation. In bag cultivation, dry yield was 49.3 g for ‘Hanyeoul’ and 44.7 g for ‘Neowul’, with no statistically significant difference. Notably, β-glucan content was higher in bag cultivation than in bottle cultivation, reaching 49.38% for ‘Hanyeoul’ and 46.53% for ‘Neowul’. This is attributed to cultivar superiority and substrate composition differences. Overall, ‘Neowul’ and ‘Hanyeoul’ are suitable cultivars for high-quality production owing to their shorter cultivation period, higher yield, and higher functionality compared with those of ‘Summerqueen’ and ‘Bargle’.