Neuritogenic activity of hot water extract from Hericium erinaceus
(Received August 8, 2013 / Revised September 12, 2013 / Accepted September 16, 2013)
Abstract
Hot water soluble extract was prepared from Hericium erinaceus and its neuritogenic activity onPC12h cells was analyzed, which is a clone originating from a rat pheochromocytomon. The moisture content offreeze dried hot water extract was 12.08%. The extract was mainly composed of carbohydrate (51.24%) followedby crude protein (24.04%), crude fat (0.26%), dietary fiber (5.09), and ash (12.18%). Fatty acids, glucan and inorganicconstituents were found as minor components. The neuritogenic activity of hot water extract was evaluatedunder microscopic observation of neurite outgrowth in PC12h cells and by measuring the neurite length of induvidualcell. The extract exhibited strong effect of neurite outgrowth in a dose-dependent manner from 0.01 mg/mLto 1 mg/mL, in which longer neurite outgrowth was observed as the treatment dose increased.
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Reference
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3.Hatanaka, H. 1983. Nerve growth factor-mediated differentiation of a nerve cell line cultured in a hormone-supplemented serum free medium. Dev. Brain Res. 6 : 243-250.
4.Kalac, P. 2009. Chemical composition and nutritional value of European species of wild growing mushrooms: A review. Food Chem. 113 : 9-16.
5.Kawagishi, H., Shimada, A., Shirai, R., Okamoto, K, Ojima, F., Sakamoto, H., Ishiguro, Y. and Furukawa, S. 1994. Erinacines A, B and C, strong stimulators of nerve growth factor (NGF)-synthesis, from the mycelia of Hericium erinaceum. Tetrahedron Lett. 35 : 1569-1572.
6.Kim, D. M., Pyun, C. W., Ko, H. G. and Park, W. M. 2000. Isolation of antimicrobial substances from Hericium erinaceum. Mycobiology. 28 : 33-38.
7.Kuwahara, S., Morihino, E., Nemoto, A. and Hiramatsu, A. 1992. Synthesis and absolute configuration of a cytotoxic fatty acid from the mushroom Hericium erinaceum. Biosci. Biotechnol. and Biochem. 56 : 1417-1419.
8.Ko, J. W., Lee, W. Y., Lee, J. H., Ha, Y. S. and Choi, Y. H. 1999. Absorption characteristics of dried Shiitake mushrooms powder using different drying methods. Korean J. Food Sci. Technol. 31(1) : 128-137.
9.Lee, E. W., Shizuki, K., Hosokawa, S., Suzuki, M., Suganuma, H., Inakuma, T., Li, J., Ohnishi-Kameyama, M., Nagata, T., Furukawa, S. and Kawagishi, H. 2000. Two novel diterpenoids, erinacines H and I from the mycelia of Hericium erinaceum. Biosci. Biotechnol. and Biochem. 64 : 2402-2405.
10.Lee, J. S., Kyoung, M. M., Cho, J. Y. and Hong, E. K. 2009. Study of macrophage activation and structural characteristics of purified polysaccharides from the fruiting body of Hericium erinaceum, J Microbiol. and Biotechnol. 19(9) : 951-959.
11.Liu, C. P., Fang, J. N. and Xiao, X. Q. 2002. Structural characterization and biological activities of SC4, an acidic polysaccharide from Salvia chinensis. Acta Pharm. Sinic. 23(2) : 162-166.
12.Mizuno, T. 1999a. Bioactive substances in Hericium erinaceus pers and its medicinal utilization. Int. J Med. Mush. 1 : 105-119.
13.Mizuno, T. 1999b. The extraction and development of antitumoractive polysaccharides from medicinal mushrooms in Japan. Int. J Med. Mush. 1 : 9-29
14.Mizuno, T. 2002. Medicinal properties and clinical effects on Agaricus blazei Murr. Int. J Med. Mush. 4
15.Mau, J. L., Lin, H. C. and Song, S. F. 2002. Antioxidant properties of several specialty mushrooms. Food Res. Int. 35 : 519-526.
16.Obara. Y. and Nakahata, N. 2002. The signaling pathway of neurotropic factor. Drug News and Perspect. 15 : 290-298.
17.Park, K. J., Lee, S. Y., Kim, H. S., Yamazaki, M., Kenzo, C. and Ha, H. C. 2007. The Neuroprotective and Neurotrophic Effects of Tremella fuciformis in PC12h Cells. Mycobiology. 35(1) : 11-15.
18.Park, K. J., Ha, H. C., Kim, H. S., Chiba, K., Yeo, I. H. and Lee, S. Y. 2006. The Neuroprotective and Neurotrophic Effects of Korean Gardenia jasminoides Ellis in PC12h cells. Food Sci. Biotechnol. 15 : 735-738.
19.Prosky, L., Asp, N-G., Schweizer, T. F., DeVires, J. W. and Furda, I. 1988. Determination of insoluble, soluble and total dietary fiber in foods and food products: interlaboratory study. J. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem. 71 : 1017-1023.
20.Takei, N., Tsukui, H. and Hatanaka, H. 1989. Intracellular storage and evoked release of acetylcholine from postnatal rat basal forebrain cholinergic neurons in culture with nerve growth factor. J Neurochem. 53 : 1405-1410.
21.Wang, J., Hu, S. H., Wang, J. T., Chen, K. S. and Chia, Y. C. 2005. Hypoglycemic effect of extract of Hericium erinaceus. J Sci. Food and Agricul. 85 : 641-646.
22.Wasser, S. P. 2002. Medicinal mushrooms as a source of antitumor and immunomodulating polysaccharides. Applied Microbiol. and Biotechnol. 60 : 258-274.
23.Wong, K. H., Vikineswary, S., Noorlidah, A., Kuppusamy, U. R. and Murali, N. 2009. Antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of Hericium erinaceus, Food Technol. and Biotechnol. 47(1) : 47-55.