원목 표고에서 아큐레이퍼응애를 이용한 버섯파리류의 생물학적 방제

김형환^1*, 김동환¹, 양창열¹, 권선정¹, 전성욱¹, 송진선¹, 조명래¹, 이찬중², 정종천²

¹국립원예특작과학원 원예특작환경과, ²국립원예특작과학원 버섯과

Biological control of mushroom flies using the predatory mite Hypoaspis aculeifer in a shiitake cultivation

Hyeong Hwan Kim^1*, Dong Hwan Kim¹, Chang Yeol Yang¹, Sun Jung Kwon¹, Sung Wook Jeon¹, Jin Sun Song¹, Myoung Rae Cho¹, Chan Jung Lee², Jong Chun Cheong²

¹Horticultural & Herbal Crop Environment Division, NIHHS, RDA, Suwon 441-440
²Muchroom Research Division, NIHHS, RDA, Eumseong 369-873

(Received November 21, 2013 / Revised December 23, 2013 / Accepted December 31, 2013)

Abstract

The major species of fungus gnats which caused the severe damage in shiitake farm were identifiedas a Bradysia difformis, B. alpicola, and Camtomyia cortocalis on oak log beds cultivation. The B. difformis occurredearly in the middle of March while B. alpicola and C. cortocalis appeared since the beginning of May. The occurrencerate for adults of B. difformis showed highly at the end of July (11.9~1,774.2 in dong-myeon and 0.4~2,583.3 inpungse-myeon) in 2012 and mid-June (10.7~4,650 in dong-myeon and 36.8~4740 in pungse-myeon) in 2013. Thecounting numbers on the traps for B. alpicola reached highest peak in the middle of June (2.1~63.2 in dong-myeonand 1.0~21.7 in pungse-myeon) and the end of May (0.8~163.7 in dong-myeon and 0.5~280.5 in pungse-myeon) in2012 and 2013, respectively. The number of C. cortocalis showed high record in the middle of May in 2012 (0.6~4.7)and in the middle of June (2.1~17.3) in 2013 in dong-myeon whereas showed the peaks in the middle of May (0.6~4.7)in 2012 and in the late of May (1.3~17.6) in 2013 in pungse-myeon. The fruiting bodies of shiitake mushroom byfungus gnats were severely damaged from mid-June to late-July and the damage rate were 0.625.5% (2012) and0.7~30.5% (2013) in dong-myeon and 1.5%~21.6% (2012) and 1.9~36.8%(2012) in pungse-myeon. To investigate thecontrol effect for fungus gnats by Hypoaspis aculeifer, H. aculeifer (30 mixutre of nymph and adult per m²) weretreated to oak log beds shiitake cultivation for six times (May 2 and 28, June 25, July 10 and 25 and August 28).The occurrence rate of adults and damage rate of fruiting bodies of 3 major species reduced 79.3% (adult numbers)and 74.8% (fruiting bodies) in dong-myeon and 64.1% (adult numbers) and 65.5% (fruiting bodies) in pungse-myeon,respectively, compared to non-treatment. Accordingly, H. aculeifer effectively controlled the fungus gnats on shiitakemushroom and can be used as good control agent.

Key Words : Shiitake,Oak log bed,Bradysia difformis,Camptomyia cortocalis,Hypoaspis aculeifer

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